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Men receive the diagnosis malignant neoplasm: hepatoblastoma
629 744 (52.1 %)Died from this diagnosis.
Women receive the diagnosis malignant neoplasm: hepatoblastoma
333 954 (49.8 %)Died from this diagnosis.
Новообразование обычно поражает правую долю печени, состоит из одного или нескольких узлов беловато-желтого цвета, не имеющих капсулы, свободно прорастающих в печеночную ткань и способных продуцировать желчь. На разрезе неоплазия имеет четко очерченное, дольчатое строение с очагами кровоизлияний и некроза. Гепатобластома возникает из эмбриональных клеток печени и содержит незрелые гепатоциты, находящиеся на разных стадиях развития и неспособные к выполнению нормальных функций. В современной онкологии выделяют эпителиальный и смешанный (эпителиально-мезенхимальный) морфологические типы опухоли.
Эпителиальный тип гепатобластомы характеризуется наличием эмбриональных, фетальных и мелкоклеточных недифференцированных клеточных структур. Опухоли из эмбриональных и фетальных клеток часто содержат очаги экстрамедуллярного кроветворения и сосудистые «озера» (расширенные сосуды, включающие эритроциты и костномозговые клетки). Мелкоклеточный недифференцированный компонент представлен лимфоцитоподобными клетками с высокой митотической активностью.
Смешанный тип гепатобластомы сочетает в себе фетальный и/или эмбриональный виды гепатоцитов с компонентами мезенхимы (фиброзной, хондроидной, остеоидной ткани). Смешанный тип новообразования также может содержать тератоидные структуры: островки многослойного плоского или железистого эпителия, поперечнополосатой мышечной ткани, меланинсодержащие клетки.
(Black urine, Deep colored urine, Cola colored urine, Tea-colored urine, Brown urine, Amber urine, Rusty urine, Soda-colored urine, Coffee-colored urine)
Dark urine is a symptom of a medical condition where the urine takes on a darker hue, typically yellow or brown. It can be caused by dehydration, liver disease, certain medications, or blood in the urine. It can also be caused by eating certain foods or drinks. Dark urine can develop over time or be...
(Distended, Swollen, Inflated, Puffed up, Stretched, Expanded, Engorged, Protruding, Bulging, Extended)
Bloating is a feeling of fullness or tightness in the abdomen that is often accompanied by abdominal pain. It can be caused by gas, indigestion, diet, or even hormones. It can manifest as distention of the abdomen, abdominal pain, and discomfort. It can develop gradually over time or come on suddenl...
(Abdominal discomfort, Stomach ache, Abdominal soreness, Abdominal tenderness, Abdominal distress, Abdominal aching, Abdominal tightness, Gut pain, Gut pressure, Bellyache, Belly discomfort, Belly pain)
Pain in the abdomen with pressure is a common symptom that can range from mild to severe. It can be described as a dull ache or a sharp, stabbing sensation. It may start suddenly or develop gradually and can be localized to one area or widespread. It can be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, bloating,...
Pale skin is a symptom of anemia or other blood-related issues. It is characterized by a lack of color in the skin, appearing wan and ashen. It may also be accompanied by fatigue, dizziness, and shortness of breath. Pale skin develops gradually due to a decrease in red blood cells or hemoglobin, whi...
(Fever, Pyrexia, Hyperthermia, Heatstroke, Hyperpyrexia, Hyperthermy, Hypertherm, High fever, High temperature, Elevated temperature)
High temperature, also known as fever, is a symptom of infection or illness. It is characterized by an elevated body temperature of 38-42°C (100-107°F). It is usually accompanied by other symptoms such as chills, sweating, headache, and malaise. Fever develops when the body's thermoregulatory system...
(Icterus, Yellowing, Xanthochromia, Yellowing of the skin, Icteric, Icteroid, Yellow discoloration, Yellowing of the eyes, Xanthous, Icterus gravis, Icteric sclera)
Jaundice is a yellow discoloration of the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes caused by a buildup of bilirubin in the body. It usually develops gradually and is characterized by a yellowish tint to the skin, whites of the eyes, and mucous membranes. It can range from mild to severe, depending on the un...
(Unintended weight loss, Unexplained weight loss, Rapid weight loss, Excessive weight loss, Drastic weight loss, Sudden weight loss, Substantial weight loss, Significant weight loss, Unwanted weight loss, Unexpected weight loss)
Abnormal weight loss is a symptom of an underlying medical condition. It is characterized by a significant decrease in body weight that is not related to changes in diet or exercise habits. It may be accompanied by fatigue, decreased appetite, nausea, and other symptoms. It can develop gradually or ...
Weakness is a lack of strength and energy that can range from mild to severe. It can be a symptom of a wide range of conditions, including physical and mental exhaustion, chronic illnesses, and certain medications. It can also be caused by a lack of nutrients, dehydration, or an underlying medical c...
(Amber eyes, Cadaverous eyes, Jaundiced eyes, Xanthic eyes, Xanthous eyes, Yellowish eyes, Yellow-tinged eyes)
Yellow sclera is a symptom where the whites of the eyes become yellow. It is usually caused by a buildup of bilirubin, a yellow-colored bile pigment. It can develop gradually over time, or it can occur suddenly. It can range from very mild to severe, and can be accompanied by other symptoms such as ...