(B57.2+) Chagas disease (chronic) with heart involvement

Chagas disease is a chronic infection caused by the parasite trypanosoma cruzi, which is transmitted by the bite of infected triatomine bugs. over time, the infection can lead to severe and potentially life-threatening damage to the heart, including enlargement, arrhythmias, and heart failure.

Chagas disease is caused by infection with the protozoan parasite trypanosoma cruzi, which is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected triatomine bugs. the chronic phase of the disease is characterized by a persistent infection and inflammation of the heart and other organs, which can lead to fibrosis and the formation of aneurysms. this can result in cardiac arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, and systemic hypertension, leading to an increased risk of stroke and sudden death.

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• Physical examination
• Blood tests (including ELISA and Western blot)
• Imaging tests (X-ray, CT scan, echocardiogram)
• Electrocardiogram (ECG)
• Endomyocardial biopsy
• Cardiac MRI

Additions:

• Serology tests for antibodies
• Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test

Main goal of the treatment: To reduce symptoms of Chagas disease and improve the patient's quality of life.

• Monitoring of cardiovascular symptoms and changes in the patient's condition
• Prescription of anti-parasitic medications to eliminate the parasite from the body
• Prescription of anti-inflammatory medications to reduce inflammation and swelling of the heart
• Prescription of medications to reduce the risk of cardiac arrhythmias
• Prescription of medications to reduce high blood pressure
• Prescription of a low-salt diet to reduce fluid retention and reduce the risk of heart failure
• Prescription of lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking, exercising regularly, and limiting alcohol consumption
• Referral to a cardiologist for further evaluation and management of cardiac symptoms

The best way to prevent chagas disease with heart involvement is to avoid exposure to the parasite that causes it (trypanosoma cruzi), which is typically spread through contact with an infected insect (e.g. kissing bug) or through contaminated food or drink. taking steps to reduce contact with these vectors, such as sleeping in a bed with a mosquito net, using insect repellent, and avoiding contact with wild animals, can help reduce the risk of infection. additionally, it is important to practice good hygiene and to inspect food and drinks for signs of contamination.