(M90.4*) Osteonecrosis due to haemoglobinopathy

Osteonecrosis due to haemoglobinopathy is a condition in which the bones of the body become brittle and weak due to a lack of oxygen in the blood. this is caused by an abnormality in the haemoglobin molecule, which is responsible for carrying oxygen around the body. as a result, the bones become deprived of oxygen, leading to a breakdown of the bone tissue and eventual necrosis.

Osteonecrosis is a condition in which there is death of bone tissue due to a lack of blood supply. in haemoglobinopathies, an abnormal form of haemoglobin is present which leads to a decrease in the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells. this decrease in oxygen-carrying capacity causes a decrease in the blood supply to the bone, leading to a decrease in bone metabolism and ultimately to the death of bone tissue.

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The main goal of the treatment for Osteonecrosis due to haemoglobinopathy is to reduce pain, reduce joint damage, and improve joint function.

• Pain management through medications and physical therapy
• Weight bearing exercise to improve joint function
• Surgical intervention to remove bone fragments
• Joint replacement surgery
• Stem cell therapy
• Platelet-rich plasma therapy
• Hyperbaric oxygen therapy
• Vitamin D supplementation
• Corticosteroid injections

Osteonecrosis due to haemoglobinopathy can be prevented by maintaining a healthy lifestyle, such as getting regular exercise, eating a balanced diet, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption. additionally, taking medications to reduce iron overload and maintaining regular blood transfusions can help prevent the onset of this disease.