Microcephaly is a condition in which a baby's head is significantly smaller than expected. It is usually diagnosed at birth when the circumference of the head is smaller than expected for age and sex. It can be caused by genetic or environmental factors and can be associated with a range of physical and intellectual disabilities. Symptoms can include a small head size, poor muscle tone, seizures, developmental delays, and intellectual disabilities. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity of the condition.
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