(C90) Multiple myeloma and malignant plasma cell neoplasms
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Diagnosis multiple myeloma and malignant plasma cell neoplasms is diagnosed Women are 0.91% more likely than Men
Men receive the diagnosis multiple myeloma and malignant plasma cell neoplasms
252 754 (18.8 %)Died from this diagnosis.
Women receive the diagnosis multiple myeloma and malignant plasma cell neoplasms
231 855 (16.9 %)Died from this diagnosis.
Risk Group for the Disease multiple myeloma and malignant plasma cell neoplasms - Men and Women aged 60-64
Disease Features multiple myeloma and malignant plasma cell neoplasms
Multiple myeloma and malignant plasma cell neoplasms - what does this mean
What happens during the disease - multiple myeloma and malignant plasma cell neoplasms
Перерождение клеток лимфоидного ростка в миелому начинается в процессе дифференцировки зрелых B-лимфоцитов на уровне проплазмоцитов и сопровождается стимуляцией определенного их клона. Ростовым фактором миеломных клеток служит интерлейкин-6. При миеломной болезни обнаруживаются плазмоциты различной степени зрелости с чертами атипизма, отличающиеся от нормальных большим размером (>40 мкм), бледной окраской, многоядерностью (нередко 3-5 ядер) и наличием нуклеол, бесконтрольным делением и длительным сроком жизни.
Разрастание миеломной ткани в костном мозге приводит к деструкции кроветворной ткани, угнетению нормальных ростков лимфо- и миелопоэза. В крови снижается количество эритроцитов, лейкоцитов и тромбоцитов. Миеломные клетки не способны полноценно выполнять иммунную функцию из-за резкого снижения синтеза и быстрого разрушения нормальных антител. Факторы опухоли дезактивируют нейтрофилы, снижают уровень лизоцима, нарушают функции комплемента.
Локальная деструкция костей связана с замещением нормальной костной ткани пролиферирующими миеломными клетками и стимуляцией остеокластов цитокинами. Вокруг опухоли формируются очаги растворения костной ткани (остеолиза) без зон остеогенеза. Кости размягчаются, становятся ломкими, значительное количество кальция выходит в кровь. Парапротеины, поступая в кровяное русло, частично депонируются в различных органах (сердце, легких, ЖКТ, дерме, вокруг суставов) в виде амилоида.
Clinical Pattern
How does a doctor diagnose
- Complete Blood Count (CBC)
- Serum Protein Electrophoresis (SPEP)
- Urine Protein Electrophoresis (UPEP)
- Bone Marrow Biopsy
- Immunofixation of Serum and Urine
- Immunophenotyping of Bone Marrow Cells
- Cytogenetic Analysis
- Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH)
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
- Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan
- X-Ray
- Computed Tomography (CT) Scan
- Ultrasound
Treatment and Medical Assistance
- Chemotherapy
- Radiation therapy
- Stem cell transplant
- Targeted therapy
- Immunotherapy
- Hormone therapy
- Surgery
- Biologic therapy
- Pain management
- Nutritional support
Multiple myeloma and malignant plasma cell neoplasms - Prevention
Main symptoms of the disease multiple myeloma and malignant plasma cell neoplasms
Prostration
(Collapse, Fatigue, Lassitude, Exhaustion, Debility, Weakness, Languor, Listlessness, Lethargy, Debilitation, Enervation, Burnout)
Prostration is a symptom of severe physical and mental exhaustion, characterized by a feeling of extreme weakness and a strong desire to lie down. It is usually accompanied by a feeling of heaviness in the limbs and a lack of energy, which can be accompanied by a feeling of nausea or dizziness. Pros...
Elevated temperature 37-38 °
(High temperature, Fever, Feverishness, Pyrexia, Hyperthermia, Heat, Warmth, Hyperpyrexia, Hyperthermy, Thermalgia)
Elevated temperature is a symptom of illness where the body temperature is higher than normal. It typically appears as a fever, with the temperature ranging from 37-38°C. It is often accompanied by other symptoms such as chills, body aches, and fatigue. Elevated temperature can develop over a few da...
Pain in the bones
(Aches, Agony, Distress, Misery, Soreness, Suffering, Torture, Torment, Agonizing, Tenderness, Throbbing, Sharpness, Stabbing, Pricking, Twinge, Throb, Pang)
Bone pain is a dull, deep, aching sensation that is felt in the bones or joints. It can range from mild to severe, and can be a constant or an intermittent ache. It can develop suddenly or gradually, and can be localized to one area or widespread throughout the body. It can manifest as a sharp, stab...
Abnormal weight loss
(Unintended weight loss, Unexplained weight loss, Rapid weight loss, Excessive weight loss, Drastic weight loss, Sudden weight loss, Substantial weight loss, Significant weight loss, Unwanted weight loss, Unexpected weight loss)
Abnormal weight loss is a symptom of an underlying medical condition. It is characterized by a significant decrease in body weight that is not related to changes in diet or exercise habits. It may be accompanied by fatigue, decreased appetite, nausea, and other symptoms. It can develop gradually or ...
Weakness
Weakness is a lack of strength and energy that can range from mild to severe. It can be a symptom of a wide range of conditions, including physical and mental exhaustion, chronic illnesses, and certain medications. It can also be caused by a lack of nutrients, dehydration, or an underlying medical c...
Specified forms of the disease
| (C90.1) Plasma cell leukaemia |
| (C90.2) Extramedullary plasmacytoma |