Epileptic seizures are sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbances in the brain. They are characterized by a variety of symptoms such as convulsions, muscle spasms, loss of consciousness, and abnormal behavior. Seizures can last from a few seconds to several minutes and can vary in intensity. They can be triggered by stress, lack of sleep, certain medications, or certain medical conditions. Seizures can range from mild to severe and can manifest in different ways, such as tonic-clonic seizures, absence seizures, and myoclonic seizures.